Brisbane Ipswich Coochin Coochin Cunninghams Gap Glengallan Westbrook Drayton Pilton Goomburra Gladfield Franklyn Vale Cressbrook Rosalie Plains Cecil Plains Yandilla Canning Downs Killarney Warwick Ballandean to New England The Pyramids (Terrawambella) Complete List of Works in the Exhibition		Brisbane Established in 1825, Brisbane developed as a penal settlement around present-day William and Queen Streets. When Brisbane was surveyed to prepare for free settlement in 1842, the convict-built Prisoner’s Barracks determined the position of Queen Street and the layout of the future city. The population of the town was then about 3000. Conrad Martens arrived by ship from Sydney in Moreton Bay on 6 November 1851, armed with introductions to the leading families. Full screen Photo 2001 Martens, Conrad England/Australia 1801–78 Brisbane in 1852 1852 Watercolour and pencil with bodycolour and gum arabic 45.7 x 65.3cm Collection: Mitchell Library, State Library of New South Wales This view from the ferry stop at Kangaroo Point looks across to the original Customs House, built 1849–50. The new Customs House was completed on the same site in 1889. Full screen Detail 1 Detail 2 Detail 3 Martens, Conrad England/Australia 1801–78 Brisbane 1855 Watercolour 29.8 x 42.9cm Collection: Queensland Art Gallery Purchased 1999. The Queensland Government's special Centenary Fund Martens, Conrad England/Australia 1801–78 Brisbane c.1852 Watercolour and gouache over pencil 17.1 x 25.1cm Collection: Queensland Art Gallery Gift of the Queensland Museum 1910 Martens, Conrad England/Australia 1801–78 Kangaroo Point Brisbane 1852 Watercolour and pencil with bodycolour 29.6 x 44.5cm Collection: Mitchell Library, State Library of New South Wales Martens, Conrad England/Australia 1801–78 Kangaroo Point, Nov 1851 1851 Pencil 19 x 29cm Collection: John Oxley Library Here, the western side of Kangaroo Point is seen from the house of Mr Thornton (the assistant to the Collector of Customs) in Eagle Street, Brisbane. Main Street, the only street on Kangaroo Point at this time, runs along the horizon. The two-storey house immediately to the left of the trees still stands in Main Street. Photo 2000 Martens, Conrad England/Australia 1801–78 Bulimba House 1851 Pencil 28.5 x 17cm Collection: John Oxley Library Built in 1850, Bulimba House was the grand Brisbane residence of David Cannon McConnel, the first squatter to settle east of the Great Dividing Range, at Cressbrook. Bulimba House still stands on the opposite bank of the Brisbane River to Newstead House, built by Patrick Leslie in 1846. Full screen Martens, Conrad England/Australia 1801–78 North and South Brisbane from the South Brisbane rocks 1851 Pencil 18.7 x 57.8cm Collection: Queensland Art Gallery Gift of Thomas Samuel Griffith Brown 1976 This panoramic view is perhaps Martens’s most important historical document of early Brisbane, and is taken from the top of the cliffs opposite the Botanical Gardens. It includes South Brisbane clustered around Stanley and Russell Streets, the wharves where paddle-steamers from Sydney berthed, animals grazing on the Gardens site, and the Prisoners Barracks in Queen Street. Martens, Conrad England/Australia 1801–78 View of Brisbane (in 1851) 1862 Watercolour and gouache over pencil 31.8 x 51.3cm Collection: Queensland Art Gallery Gift of Leonard Darwin 1913 In 1862 Martens sent this painting to Charles Darwin, his shipmate on HMS Beagle in the early 1830s, to mark the publication of Darwin’s On the Origin of Species (1859). Martens may have chosen this subject because their mutual friend and shipmate on the Beagle, Captain J. C. Wickham, was Police Magistrate in Brisbane at the time of Martens’s visit.